What is the primary function of a squinch in dome construction?

The primary function of a squinch in dome construction is to serve as a transitional architectural element that allows a circular dome to be placed on a square or polygonal base. Squinches are typically segments of a sphere that create a smooth transition between the differing geometries, effectively distributing the weight of the dome and enabling structural stability. This transition is crucial in facilitating the aesthetics and engineering of various architectural forms, allowing for innovative designs that combine different shapes.

While a squinch does contribute to the overall stability of the structure, the key aspect of its design is the way it alters configurations smoothly and elegantly without the abruptness that could compromise both functionality and beauty. Therefore, this transitional role differentiates the squinch from other architectural elements that may focus more narrowly on support, acoustics, or decorative purposes.