What was the main theme of Diego Velázquez’s "Las Meninas"?

Diego Velázquez’s "Las Meninas" profoundly embodies the theme of the nature of representation and the observer's role in art. The painting is a complex interplay of perspectives and realities, inviting viewers to contemplate the act of viewing itself. It features a young Infanta Margarita surrounded by her attendants, while Velázquez includes himself in the composition, painting at his canvas. This self-inclusion draws attention to the artist's role and the act of creation, suggesting that art is not just a representation of the world but also a dialogue between the observer and the observed.

Furthermore, the various figures within the painting appear to engage with one another and with the viewer, creating a layered narrative that challenges the viewer's position. This intricate layering forces the audience to consider who is truly being represented and who is looking at whom, thus prompting a deeper reflection on the nature of perception in art. Velázquez’s innovative approach elevates the concept of representation, making it central to the viewer's experience of the artwork.

In contrast, while the exploration of light and shadow in the piece is indeed significant and contributes to its overall impact, it serves more to enhance the composition rather than serve as the central theme. The painting does include historical figures from the Spanish court,