Which of the following features contributes to the Romanesque style's fortification impression?

The Romanesque style is characterized by a robust and solid appearance, which is primarily achieved through architectural features that convey strength and fortification. The choice highlighting thick walls with minimal openings reflects the defensive qualities typical of Romanesque buildings. This architectural decision was driven by both practical and aesthetic considerations: thick walls provided structural support for the heavy stone roofs and also served to protect the interiors from potential invasions or attacks.

Additionally, the limited number of windows in Romanesque architecture contributes to the fortification impression because it minimizes vulnerabilities in the structure, enhancing its defensive capability. While there may be large, decorative windows found in later Gothic architecture, the Romanesque period favored a more modest approach to openings. This strategy resulted in a more fortress-like appearance, emphasizing stability and security.

In contrast, features like large windows and open floor plans are more indicative of lighter styles that emerged later, such as Gothic architecture, where the emphasis shifted towards lightness and verticality, moving away from the fortification impressions of earlier periods. High ceilings, while often a feature of Romanesque buildings, do not inherently convey the same sense of fortification as thick walls with minimal openings. Thus, the defining characteristic that contributes to the sense of fortification in the Roman